Arnold J. Toynbee, A Study of History Vol 1-13.
Carroll Quigley, The Evolution of Civilizations.
Jos?© Ortega y Gasset, La rebeli??n de las Masas.
The Decline of the West, Oswald Spengler.
Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations.
Civilizations-the highest cultural groupings of people-are differentiated from each other by religion, history, language and tradition. These divisions are deep and increasing in importance. In A Study of History, Arnold Toynbee identified 21 major civilizations; only six of them exist in the contemporary world:
1 Western
A) Noratlantic
B) Latinamerican
C) Subsaharian (african civilization)
2 Islamic
3 Sinic
A) Chinese
4 Japanese
5 Hindu
B) Buddhist
6 Orthodox
According to The Clash of Civilizations book:
Western
Latinamerican
Subsaharian (african civilization)
Islamic
Sinic
Japanese
Hindu
Orthodox
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Here v 1.2
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v 1.1:
Albania within islamic civilization.
Taiwan within sinic civilization.
New color to subsaharian civilization.
Tibet within buddhist civilization.
v 1.2:
Bosnia within islamic civilization.
Abkhazia Ingusheti and Chechnya within islamic civilization.
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