Pictures from Celestia

General discussion about Celestia that doesn't fit into other forums.
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SevenSpheres
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Post #661by SevenSpheres » 07.06.2021, 20:40

Eric Nelson wrote:Well remember since it's part of a circumbinary star system containing 1 F8 main sequence star (which's white) and 1 red dwarf star, the white and red combo lead to a pink reflection.

That's not really how it works, look up "blackbody spectrum". That being said, there's certainly nothing wrong with texturing the planet based on the artist's impression.

Eric Nelson wrote:I haven't found any sources for the positions of the stars in their orbits, but I did make a file of the 2 stars whose positions are based on their epochs (matching the discovery date).

Too bad Celestia Origin has TOI-1338 as a single G-star and the planet as unconfirmed with a radius that's overexaggerated compared to its true radius.

If you look at the pinned threads on the "Add-on releases" subforum, you'll see this exoplanet catalog, which is updated every month. Celestia Origin's exoplanet database is based on an older version of the catalog, which is why it has some outdated data.

Anyway, to bring this thread back on topic, here's an ocean planet with clouds from MrSpace43's generator.

himinglaeva2.png
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Post #662by Eric Nelson » 07.06.2021, 22:48

Celestia Origin needs some massive updating on some files, like exoplanets and stars.

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Sirius_Alpha
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Post #663by Sirius_Alpha » 08.06.2021, 01:52

<shameless plug>
You can always download the latest catalogue of extrasolar planets here.
Exoplanet nerd. I maintain a monthly-updated exoplanet catalogue here:
https://celestiaproject.space/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=18705

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trappistplanets
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Post #664by trappistplanets » 08.06.2021, 11:30

Eric Nelson wrote:Celestia Origin needs some massive updating on some files, like exoplanets and stars.
true, they should be keeping up to date with tom's catalog
There is a limit to how far we can travel into the stars.
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Post #665by Eric Nelson » 08.06.2021, 11:51

trappistplanets wrote:true, they should be keeping up to date with tom's catalog
Yup. That's among the things on CO that should be kept up to date the most often.

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Post #666by trappistplanets » 08.06.2021, 12:48

Eric Nelson wrote:Yup. That's among the things on CO that should be kept up to date the most often.
very very true
There is a limit to how far we can travel into the stars.
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Post #667by Eric Nelson » 08.06.2021, 17:07

Yup and I even had to change the radius of HD 100546 b on Art Blos' Celestia Origin to its most accepted value, add a night texture (sudarsky-class_4-night.dds) a red color to it and change the Mie colors to match the most accepted appearance.
It's ~20X Jupiter's mass (which matches that of a typical brown dwarf hence the reddish appearance) and ~6.9 x Jupiter's radius (which in turn's 71492 km total, so multiply that by 6.9X though exoplanets there round such radii despite the math).
Plus, with a rotation tidally locked with its orbit which's a staggering 249.039582 Earth years, an oblateness of such should be too negligible to be detected by any means, so set it to 0.0.

"b:HD 100546 b" "HD 100546"
{
Class "planet"
Texture "sudarsky-class_1.dds"
NightTexture "sudarsky-class_4-night.dds"
Radius 493295
Color [ 1.0 0 0 ]
BlendTexture true
Oblateness 0.0
Atmosphere
{
Height 1000
Mie 0.001
MieScaleHeight 27
MieAsymmetry -0.15
Rayleigh [ 0.0007 0.0003 0.0002 ]
Absorption [ 0.0005 0.0007 0.0010 ]
}
EllipticalOrbit
{
Period 249.039582
SemiMajorAxis 53
ArgOfPericenter 35.171
}
LunarLambert 0.5
}

The atmospheric scale height remains unchanged and gives a sense of scale for such a nonstellar body orbiting a main sequence star.
This's the most widely viewed impression of how HD 100546 b might look up close.

Added after 39 minutes 30 seconds:
Yet that wasn't the only body on the exoplanet file that needed fixing besides TOI-1338b, but TRES-2 Ab also needed fixing since it's the darkest planet known to orbit a star and has an albedo of 0.0136 (1.36%) in bond though the best-fit model gives it an albedo as low as 0.0004 (0.04%) indicating 1 albedo value 0.0136 means 98.64% of light's absorbed whereas an albedo of 0.0004% means 99.96% of that light from its host star's absorbed despite orbiting so close to its star (TRES-2 A).
With such values, the dayside's darker than that of other planets.
The night texture had to be hashed out for such reason.
And the atmosphere had to be reduced to 1/1000 of its luminosity (for the 0.0004 albedo value).
https://web.archive.org/web/20120317203801/http://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dsp/PrincetonSite/Home_files/darkest_world.pdf

"b:KOI-1.01:Kepler-1 Ab:TrES-2 Ab" "TrES-2 A"
{
Class "planet"
Texture "sudarsky-class_4.dds"
#NightTexture "sudarsky-class_4-night.dds"
Color [ 0 0.00036 0.001 ]
BlendTexture true
Radius 81726
Oblateness 0.065
Atmosphere
{
Height 5000
Lower [ 0.0002 0.0003 0.0004 ]
Upper [ 0.0001 0.0002 0.0002 ]
Sky [ 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 ]
Sunset [ 0.0004 0.0002 0.0001 ]
}
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453957.635486
Period 0.006764
SemiMajorAxis 0.03556
Inclination 92.297
AscendingNode 291.992
ArgOfPericenter 161.108
MeanAnomaly 90
}
UniformRotation
{
Inclination 92.297
AscendingNode 291.992
}
LunarLambert 0.5
Albedo 0.0004
InfoURL "http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0609335"
}
Attachments
TRES-2 b.png
TRES-2 Ab absorbing ~99.96% of all visible light from its host star, giving it an albedo of 0.0004 (0.04%)
hd 100546.png
HD 100546 b dayside
hd 100546 b night.png
HD 100546 b nightside
Last edited by Eric Nelson on 19.06.2021, 05:29, edited 5 times in total.

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Anthony_B_Russo10
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Post #668by Anthony_B_Russo10 » 08.06.2021, 22:00

The main thing is that there are multiple months between CO updates, the Exoplanet Catalog gets updated every months.
Anthony B. Russo, I like Pluto. Mod of the Celestia subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/Celestiasoftware/
I have over 40 computers, trying to list them here would be a pain.
Responsible for the NEO catalog: https://celestiaproject.space/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=22203
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Post #669by Eric Nelson » 08.06.2021, 22:25

Yup and it's worth the patience and effort to get it all up to date.

Added after 1 hour 42 minutes:
Here's TRES-2 Ab with the albedo at 0.0136 (1.36%) which's what it's also often recognized at being and many sources also state it's albedo's 0.0136.

Somehow many state it's 0.0136 and others state it's 0.0004 (0.04%) which's incredibly low.

"b:KOI-1.01:Kepler-1 Ab:TrES-2 Ab" "TrES-2 A"
{
Class "planet"
Texture "sudarsky-class_4.dds"
#NightTexture "sudarsky-class_4-night.dds"
Color [ 0 0.036 0.1 ]
BlendTexture true
Radius 81726
Oblateness 0.065
Atmosphere
{
Height 5000
Lower [ 0.02 0.03 0.04 ]
Upper [ 0.01 0.02 0.02 ]
Sky [ 0.03 0.04 0.05 ]
Sunset [ 0.04 0.02 0.01 ]
}
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453957.635486
Period 0.006764
SemiMajorAxis 0.03556
Inclination 92.297
AscendingNode 291.992
ArgOfPericenter 161.108
MeanAnomaly 90
}
UniformRotation
{
Inclination 92.297
AscendingNode 291.992
}
LunarLambert 0.5
Albedo 0.0136
InfoURL "http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0609335"
}

As you can see, daylight's still visible and you can even make out what the atmospheric luminosity looks like at daylight there.

It's still dark in this but not nearly as close to pitch black as the media states.
Attachments
tres-2b.png
Tres-2 Ab with an albedo of 0.0136% meaning only 98.64% of all its incoming white starlight's absorbed.

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Post #670by fyr02 » 09.06.2021, 02:58

I should mention that the brightness of TrES-2 b is heavily exaggerated here.
Albedo is not linear to brightness - because the way the eye perceives light is not linear, TrES-2 b would appear (adjusting for distance to star) a comfortable dark gray - nowhere near the black in the picture.
Image

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Post #671by Eric Nelson » 09.06.2021, 09:50

Well the media needs to stop stretching the truth about so many things.
Even though they say planets like this TRES-2 Ab for example reflect very little light, hence they declare them "pitch-black".
Last edited by Eric Nelson on 09.06.2021, 11:32, edited 1 time in total.

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Post #672by john71 » 09.06.2021, 10:52

Mars with new 64k normal map:

Mars 2021 06 - 1.png
Mars 2021 06 - 4.png
Mars 2021 06 - 5.png
Mars 2021 06 - 6.png

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Post #673by Eric Nelson » 09.06.2021, 11:33

That's 1 update CO needs at some point in time.
Mars looks very crisp in these photos, almost like you're there except it's all an illusion from lighting.

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Post #674by john71 » 09.06.2021, 16:29

Eric Nelson wrote:almost like you're there except it's all an illusion from lighting.

At this resolution (256k texture) using a "flat" sphere is clearly not enough.

These are mountains projected on a sphere and no amount of light effects can hide that.

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Post #675by Eric Nelson » 09.06.2021, 17:46

Yup and Mars has some mountains despite not being as geologically active in the same way Earth is.

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Post #676by trappistplanets » 09.06.2021, 18:08

john71 wrote:These are mountains projected on a sphere and no amount of light effects can hide that.
very very true
There is a limit to how far we can travel into the stars.
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Post #677by MrSpace43 » 15.06.2021, 23:44

Voyager 2 at the Jovian system
Voyager 2 at Jupiter.png
Been into Astronomy since the age of 3 or 4. Started making planetary textures back in late 2016. 3D animator who makes high quality animations in Cinema 4D. Likes to sometimes, deliberately torment myself with the stupid green screaming apatosaurus that is Arlo.

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Post #678by CM1215 » 16.06.2021, 00:27

Oberon
OberonCF.PNG
CM1215: Celestial master in learning.

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Post #679by Eric Nelson » 18.06.2021, 11:49

V838 Monocerotis, a spectroscopic binary system consisting of an M7 red supergiant and a B3 main sequence star.

Added after 5 minutes 2 seconds:
HR 5171 Aa and Ab as orange hypergiants in contact with each other and nearing the end of their lifespans (astronomically).
We expect a massive hypernova explosion from these stars soon (astronomically).

Added after 1 hour 2 minutes:
Antares A (in the Antares binary star system) with its big white eyes staring at you.
The white spots are a result of such stellar activity.
The depiction was based off the observation from the VLT (Very Large Telescope) by the European Southern Observatory in Chile, which provided us the best view of a star besides Sol.
It's expected to go supernova in the next 10,000 Earth years (a blink of eyes by astronomical timescales) which's nearly 90,000 Earth years before it's Betelgeuse's turn to go.
NASA concept texture made mappable by trappistplanets.

Added after 14 minutes 58 seconds:
R136A1, a WR (Wolf-Rayet) star known for being 1 of the most massive stars discovered.
A whopping 215 x Sol's mass and only 39.2 x Sol's radius.

Added after 19 minutes 36 seconds:
Rigel A, a blue supergiant in the multiple star system of Rigel, measuring 78.9 x Sol's radius which Celestia would've rounded to 79 Rsol on the rendered graph unlike 78 Rsol.
With the Rigel Olyx addon on:http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/addon/addon_967.html the distance had to be modified to its accurate value of 875.8 light years from Sol (as opposed to 772.9 ly), which automatically increases the radius of Rigel A to just over 77 Rsol (which's relatively close to the true value of 78.9 Rsol in reality).

The RSG.cmod mesh if by nussun.
Attachments
v838 mon.png
The V838 Monocerotis star system. The main companion is an M7 red supergiant measuring 467 Rsol (rounded to 470 Rsol on Celestia's rendered graph). The secondary companion is a B3V blue subgiant measuring 3.16863793 Rsol (rounded to 3.2 Rsol on Celestia's rendered graph).
hr 5171.png
HR 5171 Aa and Ab in the HR 5171 A system located within the HR 5171 system. The HR 5171 A system consists of 2 orange hypergiants in contact, peaking at 1575 Rsol (rounded to 1760 Rsol on Celestia's rendered graph) and B peaking at 650 Rsol, creating the largest contact binary star system known to man.
antares a.png
Antares A, an M1Ib red supergiant measuring at least 680 Rsol. What star couldn't possibly freak out astronomy geeks more than a red-orange behemoth that has big eyes staring at you and is losing its stability and temper?
antares b.png
Antares B, a main sequence star only 5.2 Rsol (rounded to 5.0 Rsol on Celestia's rendered graph).
r136a1 a.png
R136A1 up close, what detail's expected from this super massive WN5h star.
r136a1.png
R136A1, a WN5h wolf rayet star with 215 x Sol's mass and 39.2 Rsol (rounded to 39 Rsol on Celestia's rendered graph). Unusually dense for such a sizable star.
rigel a.png
Rigel A, the main member of the multiple star system Rigel. In reality it's 78.9 Rsol but Celestia rendered it to over 78 Rsol by default but the Rigel multisystem addon renders the radius at over 77 Rsol when the distance is set to its approximate value of 875.8 ly from Sol.
rigel.png
Rigel A, the main member of the multiple star system Rigel. In reality it's 78.9 Rsol but Celestia rendered it to over 78 Rsol by default but the Rigel multisystem addon renders the radius at over 77 Rsol when the distance is set to its approximate value of 875.8 ly from Sol.
Last edited by Eric Nelson on 22.08.2021, 10:47, edited 11 times in total.

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Post #680by Eric Nelson » 19.06.2021, 07:14

WASP-12 A b (part of the binary star system WASP-12).
It absorbs at least 93.6% of its host star's light and is nicknamed the doomed planet as it's expected to take under 10 million Earth years til its disintegrated by its host star.
So apparently it's near the end of its life (astronomically).

Added after 20 minutes 14 seconds:
KELT-9 A and its host planet, the hottest planet ever discovered so far, with a whopping 4050 +/- 180 K surface temperature on average.
The star rotates once every 16.386 Earth hours (making its polar radius 95.1% as large as its equatorial radius) and its planet is roughly 2.88 x as massive than Jupiter and 89.1% larger in radius.

Added after 3 hours 7 minutes:
The Pistol Star, a LBV hypergiant located 7.7 kpc from Sol with a mass of 27.5 x Sol's but a radius of at least 420 x Sol's.
It's often said its radius is anywhere from 420 to 435 x Sol's though 420 Rsol might grab the attention of many people.

Even when applying the Stefan-Boltzmann law of (5772/1200)4 *3,300,000 implies a radius 420.29 x Sol's.

A luminosity of 33000000 x Sol's makes it 1 of the most luminous stars known to man.

When it dies, a hypernova's expected.
Attachments
pistol star.png
The Pistol Star, an LBV hypergiant located near the galactic center's angle from us in the Milky Way.
kelt-9close.png
KELT-9 Ab glows as its temperature averages 4050 +/- 180 K on its surface, a common surface temperature for stars.
kelt-9 a.png
Kelt-9 and its host planet. It sheds a vapor trail from the star's heat and radiation as it grazes the so-called Roche lobe.
kelt-9.png
The Kelt-9 star system as a whole.
wasp-12b.png
WASP-12 A b is expected to be eaten up by its host star WASP-12 A in less than 10 million Earth years.
wasp-12 a b.png
The planet WASP-12 A b is tidally pulled into an egg shape by its host star WASP-12 A.
Last edited by Eric Nelson on 20.06.2021, 04:29, edited 3 times in total.


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