Celestia Forums

Hello dwellers of Purgatory,

As an exercise in electrical engineering, I am making a feasibility
study for the design of a Miniature Heim-Dr?¶scher-H?¤user Drive.
(See the star trek thread for my book report on the Drive).
http://celestiaproject.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=8549&start=30
You are invited to contribute ideas to support this study.

1
The 20 Tesla magnetic flux density does not require a large
apparatus size, only a high density of magnetic flux.

2
There are advantages to scaling down the electromagnet. The ratio of
surface area to volume increases for scaled down coils, so the
cryogenic coolant can be applied externally to the superconductors.

3
The superconductor wires can be made from lead, which is a
superconductor at low temperatures.

4
The coils of wire can have an added core with a high permeability to
multiply the flux density.

5a
The rotating torus can be replaced by a stationary tube with rotating
hydrogen in it. The hydrogen will be driven to a speed of 1 km per
second by magnetohydrodynamics.

5b
As an alternative to rotating hydrogen flow at 1 km per second,
a fast linear flow can be provided by expelling compressed hydrogen
into a vacuum chamber.

Conclusion
I do not believe that this Drive will work to provide reactionless thrust,
but it is easy to make paper calculations to miniaturize the experimental
apparatus. When that is done, the cost will be estimated. If the cost is
low enough, the experiment may be tried.

GM,

watch out...soon or later you will end up in 8d Hyperspace
I find this quite inspiring to see that you are really getting into that matter.

Good luck,

Bye Fridger

A small version of the Heim-Dr?¶scher-H?¤user Drive is being designed.
Improvements in the magnetic and velocity situations are being calculated.

Summary

1
The electromagnet size has been reduced to be 12 mm wide.
This magnet provides 20 Tesla of magnetic flux density.

2 The hydrogen is supplied from a standard bottle which has a
pressure of 5000 psi.

3 The hydrogen flows through a helical tube in the magnetic field,
into a vacuum chamber.

4 The apparatus is on a balance beam scale to measure the thrust.

5 Liquid helium is used to cool the lead (Pb) and liquid nitrogen is used
to cool the connectors to the Pb wire.

6 A power supply will slowly ramp up the 40 ampere current over 1 second.

7 The Pb wire will wear out due to electromigration after a time to be
calculated later.



Details

1
The electromagnet costs $20.
Pb (lead) wire is used in the magnet because it is a superconductor
below 20 kelvin degrees (20 K). It is cooled by liquid helium.

The Pb wire has a diameter of 10^-4 meters (100 microns).

The Pb wire is insulated by treating the wire with a liquid slurry of salt
water (NaCl + H2O) and titanium dioxide dust (TiO2). The TiO2 particles
are used as a spacer to keep the wires apart. The Pb wire is passed
through the salt water so a thin layer of lead chloride forms on the
surface to act as an insulator.

The insulated Pb wire is wound around a 4 mm form. 1600 windings
are made as the wire is looped around the disposable form. The magnet
has a size of L = 4mm, W = 12mm, H = 12mm. That is less than
one quarter of a cubic inch. This magnet weighs about 6 grams. That
is 20 million times lighter than the plans by Dr?¶scher and H?¤user.

The calculation of the magnetic flux density (B) is :

B = uni/L
u = 1.256 x 10^-6 Henrys per meter
n = 1600 = 40 x 40 turns of wire ( 40 rows and 40 columns of wire)
i = 40 amps
wire diameter 100um = 10^-4 meter
L = 40 x 100um = 4 mm = 4 x 10^-3 m
B = 1.256 x 10^-6 x 1600 x 40 / 4 x 10^-3 Tesla
B = 20,000 x 10^(-6+3) = 20 Tesla


2
The hydrogen costs $20.
The hydrogen is supplied from a standard bottle which has a
pressure of 5000 psi. That is 340 atmospheres of pressure. A reference
paper was checked and the typical speed of hydrogen molecules is
more than 1 km per second when effusing from the bottle into a
vacuum.

3
The vacuum tube and connectors cost $20.
The hydrogen flows through a helical tube in the magnetic field,
into a vacuum pump. The tube makes one turn in a circle
before it empties into the vacuum pump. The vacuum pump
is already in stock. High vacuum is not needed. A pressure of
1 milli torr is good enough. (1 micro atmosphere pressure)

4
The scale costs $20
The apparatus is on a balance beam scale to measure the thrust.
This custom balance can rotate in any direction. The direction of the
possible thrust from the Heim-Dr?¶scher-H?¤user Drive is not assumed.

5
The coolants cost $100 per day.
Liquid helium is used to cool the lead (Pb) and liquid nitrogen is used
to cool the connectors to the Pb wire.

6
The power supply and connectors cost $200.
A power supply will slowly ramp up the current over 1 second.
The connectors are made from high temperature superconductors that
are cooled by liquid nitrogen. They connect from the power supply to
the Pb electromagnet.

7 The Pb wire will wear out due to electromigration after a time to be
calculated later.

The total cost on the first day of the experiment : $380

maybe you should take some pictures and build a webpage

Pb (lead) wire is used in the magnet because it is a superconductor
below 20 kelvin degrees (20 K). It is cooled by liquid helium.

The references I have say the critical temperature of lead is 7.2 K, not 20 K.
It's still above the temperature of liquid helium, though. Most production superconductivity work that I'm aware of is done using a Niobium alloy (17.9K; a type II superconductor) because it doesn't lose its superconductivity immediately when exposed to a magnetic field. Lead is type I and loses its superconductivity in very small magnetic fields.

See http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hb ... scond.html

Here is a diagram of the experiment:

I will try to send the picture to Dr?¶scher and H?¤user. The picture is
not copyrighted. If you have a laboratory that is equipped to try the
experiment, please go ahead at your earliest convenience.

Also, there is another paper on an experiment at :
http://www.hpcc-space.de/publications/d ... Letter.pdf

Ok Mr. GlobeMaker, i just came here from google, and I have a few questions, if you'd mind answering....

A few weeks ago (and after countless times of thinking and extensive reading) i came to the idea where I thought that a rotating electromagnetic disk could create some kind of gravity effect. It seems my idea was not too far off, since a few hours ago i stumbled across a paper explaining about Heim's idea, which happens to be surprisingly similar to what I had though of before, where the bending of space occurs towards a massive and superdense centerpoint, contrary to the model system, where gravity is depicted as some kind of "bump" in the spacetime fabric. I've come to a very good understanding about how gravity works.

My question is, I am 19, and I have no previous (official) studies in physics. I plan to enter the physics program next semester, but I want to know in what ways can i get involved in the study and research of this matter in specific? After all, I am deeply surprised by the proximity of my theories to those of Heim.

Are there any universities you recommend me? Anyone I can talk to? Scholarships? Anything that gets me in touch with the development of this revolutionary and seemingly futuristic ideas?


I appreciate very much your response...
thanks


P.S. I am VERY convinced that the idea for the drive can, and WILL eventually work. you have my full support, even if it's just moral.
P.S.S. i wish i could see your experiment at work... CHEERS!!

Hello Quan,

Your questions are pleasant ones which show that you are already on
the right track. Your entry into the study of physics next semester is a
good start. The gravitational field has values dermined by energy density
as well as matter. So it may be fruitful to concentrate energy rather than
collecting matter.

You ask how to get involved in Heim types of research. First, learn the basics
of math and quantum physics. Then learn the old ideas that have been
called advanced particle physics. Then, imagine an advancement that goes
beyond the approved course of studies. In my case, I wrote a science fiction
story called "Time Liars" that envisions success and breaks the rules.
It is posted on the internet, on my website, but it is invisible unless
I reveal the secret word.

Believe that all people have great capabilities, but that most go unused
in this land of easy living. You can go far with your talents if you make
an intense effort.

Let me recommend a University: Dr. H?¤user is a visiting Professor at
San Jose State University in California His email address is jh@hpcc-space.de
There are scholarships for you, but not from me.
Dr. H?¤user is a leading proponent of the Heim drive, and he could provide
more guidance than I can.

If you live in California, we can try the experimement together within
one year. Do you have a budget for helping to make the Heim Drive?
I will split the cost with you. It is not safe to build it in my workshop,
we should use a remote wooden lab with no iron to interfere with the intense magnetic field.